Arak Inequalities for Concentration Functions and the Littlewood--Offord Problem: a shortened version

Let $X,X_1,\ldots,X_n$ be independent identically distributed random variables. In this paper we study the behavior of concentration functions of weighted sums $\sum_{k=1}^{n} X_k a_k$ with respect to the arithmetic structure of coefficients~$a_k$ in the context of the Littlewood--Offord problem. Concentration results of this type received renewed interest in connection with distributions of singular values of random matrices. Recently, Tao and Vu proposed an Inverse Principle in the Littlewood--Offord problem. We discuss the relations between the Inverse Principle of Tao and Vu as well as that of Nguyen and Vu and a similar principle formulated for sums of arbitrary independent random variables in the work of Arak from the 1980's. This paper is a shortened and edited version of the preprint arXiv:1506.09034. Here we present the results without proofs.Comment: 9 pages. shortened version of arXiv:1506.0903

Phenotypical and Functional Characteristics of Human Regulatory T Cells during Ex Vivo Maturation from CD4+ T Lymphocytes

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) participate in the negative regulation of inflammatory reactions by suppressing effector cells. In a number of autoimmune disorders, the suppressive function and/or the number of Tregs is compromised. The lack of active functioning Tregs can be restored with adoptive transfer of expanded ex vivo autologous Tregs. In our study, we traced the differentiation and maturation of Tregs CD4+CD25+FoxP3+CD127low over 7 days of cultivation from initial CD4+ T cells under ex vivo conditions. The resulting ex vivo expanded cell population (eTregs) demonstrated the immune profile of Tregs with an increased capacity to suppress the proliferation of target effector cells. The expression of the FoxP3 gene was upregulated within the time of expansion and was associated with gradual demethylation in the promotor region of the T cell-specific demethylation region. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed changes in the expression profile of genes involved in cell cycle regulation. In addition to FOXP3, the cells displayed elevated mRNA levels of Ikaros zinc finger transcription factors and the main telomerase catalytic subunit hTERT. Alternative splicing of FoxP3, hTERT and IKZF family members was demonstrated to be involved in eTreg maturation. Our data indicate that expanded ex vivo eTregs develop a Treg-specific phenotype and functional suppressive activity. We suggest that eTregs are not just expanded but transformed cells with enhanced capacities of immune suppression. Our findings may influence further development of cell immunosuppressive therapy based on regulatory T cells

Quantum-Chemical Study of the Sorption and Migration of Carbon Atom on the Surface of Graphene and Bigraphene

With using of quantum-chemical calculations the binding energies of adatom on graphene and bigraphene in different positions, as well as the binding energies between layers in AA and AB type bigraphene were investigated. The values of energy barriers of transitions in graphene and bigraphene were calculated. It was shown that values of energy barriers of transitions in bigraphene is less than value of energy barrier of transition in graphene, because of weak dispersive interaction of the adatom with the second layer.С помощью квантово-химических расчетов исследованы энергии взаимодействия адатома углерода с поверхностью графена и биграфена в различных положениях, а также энергии взаимодействия плоскостей биграфена AA и AB типа. Рассчитаны величины энергетических барьеров переходов в графене и биграфене. Показано, что величины энергетических барьеров переходов в биграфене меньше, чем величина энергетического барьера перехода в графене вследствие слабого дисперсионного взаимодействия адатома со вторым слоем

Quantum-Chemical Study of the Sorption and Migration of Carbon Atom on the Surface of Graphene and Bigraphene

With using of quantum-chemical calculations the binding energies of adatom on graphene and bigraphene in different positions, as well as the binding energies between layers in AA and AB type bigraphene were investigated. The values of energy barriers of transitions in graphene and bigraphene were calculated. It was shown that values of energy barriers of transitions in bigraphene is less than value of energy barrier of transition in graphene, because of weak dispersive interaction of the adatom with the second layer.С помощью квантово-химических расчетов исследованы энергии взаимодействия адатома углерода с поверхностью графена и биграфена в различных положениях, а также энергии взаимодействия плоскостей биграфена AA и AB типа. Рассчитаны величины энергетических барьеров переходов в графене и биграфене. Показано, что величины энергетических барьеров переходов в биграфене меньше, чем величина энергетического барьера перехода в графене вследствие слабого дисперсионного взаимодействия адатома со вторым слоем

Theoretical Study of the Hydrogen Interaction Process with Platinum Surface

В работе с помощью квантово-химических расчетов исследованы процессы взаимодействия молекулярного водорода с поверхностью платины, диссоциации молекулы водорода на поверхности переходного металла, взаимодействия атомарного водорода с поверхностью платины, диффузии атомарного водорода по поверхности платины. Рассчитан ряд параметров для данных процессов. Сделан вывод о протекании процесса сорбции водорода на платине.The processes of molecular hydrogen interaction with platinum surface have been investigated in this study by the quantum-chemical methods, as also dissociation of hydrogen molecules on the transition metal surface, atomic hydrogen interaction with and diffusion on the platinum surface. The parameters range of these processes has been calculated. It has been got conclusion about process of hydrogen sorption on the platinum

Host Range and Phylogenetic Position of Acipenserobdella volgensis (Zykoff, 1904) (Hirudinea: Piscicolidae) with a Global Checklist of Bivalve-Associated Fish Leeches

The fish leech Acipenserobdella volgensis (Hirudinea: Piscicolidae) is a rare and poorly known freshwater species, which is thought to be an obligate parasite of sturgeons. This leech has a disjunctive range in Europe and Eastern Siberia. Here, we estimate the phylogenetic affinities and host range of A. volgensis using a set of DNA sequences (COI and 18S rRNA gene fragments), field observation data, and a review of the body of literature. Based on a time-calibrated Bayesian phylogeny, we show that the European and Siberian lineages of A. volgensis have been separated since the latest Pliocene (mean age = 2.7 Ma). The analysis of available host records indicates that this leech is characterized by a broader host range as it was collected from fish belonging to four families (Acipenseridae, Cyprinidae, Salmonidae, and Esocidae). Conversely, only a few suitable primary hosts (six sturgeons, one cyprinid, and one salmonid fish) were confirmed by earlier research. Moreover, this leech could be considered a facultative mussel-associated species that uses bivalves (duck mussel Anodonta anatina; Unionidae) as shelter. Globally, three other piscicolid leeches have been recorded from the mantle cavity of bivalve molluscs, that is, the freshwater taxa Caspiobdella fadejewi and Alexandrobdella makhrovi, and the marine species Austrobdella coliumicus

Theoretical Study of the Hydrogen Interaction Process with Platinum Surface

В работе с помощью квантово-химических расчетов исследованы процессы взаимодействия молекулярного водорода с поверхностью платины, диссоциации молекулы водорода на поверхности переходного металла, взаимодействия атомарного водорода с поверхностью платины, диффузии атомарного водорода по поверхности платины. Рассчитан ряд параметров для данных процессов. Сделан вывод о протекании процесса сорбции водорода на платине.The processes of molecular hydrogen interaction with platinum surface have been investigated in this study by the quantum-chemical methods, as also dissociation of hydrogen molecules on the transition metal surface, atomic hydrogen interaction with and diffusion on the platinum surface. The parameters range of these processes has been calculated. It has been got conclusion about process of hydrogen sorption on the platinum